![]() ![]() Thanks to the efforts of Billion Oyster Project, installing living breakwaters as a method of mitigating the impacts of the climate crisis is a viable solution for coastal cities around the world. The organization has set a goal to restore 100 million oysters to New York Harbor over the next five years. Since 2014, grass-roots environmental nonprofit organization Billion Oyster Project has been working to restore New York Harbor’s native oyster reefs that were completely wiped out nearly a century ago from overfishing and pollution. They also promote clean water - a single adult oyster can filter up to 50 gallons of water every day! But as the climate crisis intensifies, oyster reefs' ability to soften the direct hits of climate-fueled storm surge is what’s garnering the attention of coastal communities like New York City. Just like coral reefs, oyster reefs grow off of each other, fostering biodiversity by providing critical habitat for a wide variety of marine life. In conclusion, the performed tests and analysis provide insight into relevant physical processes and design parameters for artificial reefs, and therefore assists the designer of artificial reefs.Oyster reefs play a critical role in protecting vulnerable coastal communities from the devastating impacts of storm surge. ![]() Tr increases if the flow is more tranquil. The outcomes of Tr showed that in general, Tr increases for an increase in the design variables that were inversely proportional related to Kt. The performance is investigated based on a tranquility index Tr. For the ecological performance, the stream-wise peak velocities are investigated in the wake behind the structure and in the channel. The ones with the best correlation are optimized using a non linear regression analysis. Furthermore, the existing formulae for the Kt and Kr are compared to results of the hydrodynamic performance as measured. Lastly, from the irregular waves the transmitted- and reflected energy density spectra are investigated and compared to the results from the regular waves. The results of this study reveal that for the same number of blocks, a more complex structure can be built without making a compromise in the hydrodynamic performance parameters. Therefore, to obtain the incoming wave signal, a new method was used, based on a combination of the existing techniques. As most of these tests had shallow water conditions, with large Ursell numbers, the usual methods to determine the incoming wave did not work. These coefficients are based on the incident wave signals. Living breakwaters and shorelines are erosion control techniques that combine natural habitats with natural or engineered means of lowering waves energy in. In this study, Kt is defined as the transmitted waveheight behind the structure divided by the incoming waveheight at the same location without a structure. For the hydrodynamic performance, the impact of several design variable on the transmission coefficient (Kt) and reflection (Kr) is quantified. Single as well as double 3D structures are tested and the space between a double structure is referred to as ”channel”. In total, 15 different designs are tested amongst which 7 are 2DV configurations and the other 8 are complex 3D configurations. This thesis focuses on submerged structures and therefore the freeboard is defined to be positive for submerged structures. Both irregularand regular wave conditions are tested. To this end, an experimental study was performed in the Eastern Scheldt wave flume of Deltares investigating the impact of different design variables on both the 2D hydrodynamicand ecological performance under wave loading, in shallow water conditions. Therefore, this study aims to provide insight and develop preliminary design guidance on how to design a hybrid living breakwater from Reefy blocks under wave loading. For the configuration of the breakwater no proper design guidelines exist yet which incorporate both the hydrodynamic and ecological functionalities, as both this field of engineering and this reef system are relatively new. Reefy breakwaters will consist of interlocking blocks with holes inside and rounded corners. This study investigates the design of a modular artificial reef developed by the company called Reefy. ![]() Living breakwaters are designed to protect the coast against flooding and erosion, whilst at the same time they enhance the local ecological system by incorporating natural reef components. (graduation committee)Ĭivil Engineering | Hydraulic Engineering | Coastal Engineering Van den Brekel, Evelien (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)Īscencio Ascencio, J.A. Hydrodynamic and ecological performance of a new modular unit for living breakwaters: Wave flume experiments and results ![]()
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